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Structural failures

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The purpose of writing this book is to provide the latest research findings in ground control techniques in mining engineering, especially the rock bolting techniques. Since rock bolts are widely used in mining engineering and civil engineering, they are significant in guaranteeing the safety of underground openings. However, instability issues still occur with the rock bolting technique. Therefore, it is valuable to understand the exact load transfer mechanism of rock bolts. This book summarised the recent research work regarding rock bolting conducted by the authors. It is valuable for the readers to fully understand the reinforcing mechanism of fully grouted rock bolts. This book focuses on the bond failure mode of fully grouted rock bolts, which is the most widely encountered failure mode in rock bolting. Different investigation approaches are used in this book, including numerical simulation, analytical modelling and experimental tests. Therefore, this book conducts a comprehensive study to reveal the bond failure process of fully grouted rock bolts. Moreover, it reveals the corresponding bond failure mechanism. Therefore, it helps the reads to fully understand the bond failure mechanism of rock bolting. Moreover, it helps the readers to develop new approaches and methods to prevent failure of the rock bolting system. This is an open access book.

Rock bolts. --- Structural failures.

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Structural analysis (Engineering) --- Structural failures

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This report describes 3-dimensional (3D) digital image correlation to measure the 3D shape, displacement, and in-plane strain field, during testing of gusset plate structural connections. Twelve full-scale bridge gusset plate connections of various geometries and boundary conditions were tested at the the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center (Ocel et al., 2012). These experiments are part of the verification of numerical models as part of NCHRP Project 12-84 Guidelines for the Load and Resistance Factor Design and Rating of Riveted and Bolted Gusset Plate Connections for Steel Bridge. The measurements described here are in regards to the tests performed to failure (i.e., maximum load carrying capacity of the connection). During each of the twelve tests to failure, a series (typically about 150) of image pairs were taken for subsequent digital image correlation analysis. Although all of the image pairs were processed, only a very small portion of the results are presented here. It is intended to give general access to the overall data set for use by other researchers. Overall the measurements, showed reasonable uncertainties on the order of 150 ?m/m of maximum in-plane shear strain, and the measured out of plane initial shapes of the plates typically matched qualitative inspections of the connections. The layout, calibration, and measurement procedure associated with the digital image correlation system are described in detail to aid in understanding of the results. The results shown here include a sample of the measured and derived variables for one experiment at two conditions to inform the reader of the type of data that is available. The results also include an abbreviated set of results that show the evolution of the out of plane shape and maximum shear strain field at four points in loading from the initial condition to failure.

Gusset plates --- Structural failures. --- Testing.

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Finite element method. --- Girders. --- Structural failures.